箔式高阻值低压锰铜压阻应力计的设计及动态标定

设计了低压锰铜压阻传感器 ,并通过平板撞击实验标定了该传感器在 0 .3～ 9.4GPa范围内的压阻关系。标定曲线在 0 .3～ 1.5GPa范围内是线性的 ,对应的是传感器的弹性状态 ,而在 1.5～ 9.4GPa范围内是二次曲线。标定曲线的拐点在 1.5GPa附近 ,这与理论分析和他人的实验结果相接近。     

A numerical approach to spherical indentation techniques for material property evaluation

In this work, some inaccuracies and limitations of prior indentation theories, which are based on experimental observations and the deformation theory of plasticity, are investigated. Effects of major material properties on the indentation load-deflection curve are examined via finite element (FE) analyses based on incremental plasticity theory. It is confirmed that subindenter deformation and stress-strain distribution from deformation plasticity theory are quite dissimilar to those obtained from incremental plasticity theory. We suggest an optimal data acquisition location, where the strain gradient is the least and the effect of friction is negligible. A new numerical approach to indentation techniques is then proposed by examining the FE solutions at the optimal point. Numerical regressions of obtained data exhibit that the strain-hardening exponent and yield strain are the two key parameters which govern the subindenter deformation characteristics. The new indentation theory successfully provides a stress-strain curve and material properties with an average error of less than 3%.     

Studies on Bifurcation and Chaos of a String-Beam Coupled System with Two Degrees-of-Freedom

In this paper, research on nonlinear dynamic behavior of a string-beam coupled system subjected to parametric and external excitations is presented. The governing equations of motion are obtained for the nonlinear transverse vibrations of the string-beam coupled system. The Galerkin's method is employed to simplify the governing equations to a set of ordinary differential equations with two degrees-of-freedom. The case of 1:2 internal resonance between the modes of the beam and string, principal parametric resonance for the beam, and primary resonance for the string is considered. The method of multiple scales is utilized to analyze the nonlinear responses of the string-beam coupled system. Based on the averaged equation obtained here, the techniques of phase portrait, waveform, and Poincare map are applied to analyze the periodic and chaotic motions. It is found from numerical simulations that there are obvious jumping phenomena in the resonant response–frequency curves. It is indicated from the phase portrait and Poincare map that period-4, period-2, and periodic solutions and chaotic motions occur in the transverse nonlinear vibrations of the string-beam coupled system under certain conditions. An erratum to this article is available at .     

Critical Reynolds number in plasma flows on a stabilized plasmatron section

A technique for determining the criterion of transition from the laminar to the turbulent flow regime on a stabilized plasmatron channel section is proposed. The technique uses experimental data and the methods of numerical simulation of plasma flows. A criterial generalization of the experimental data which for the first time makes it possible to establish the boundary of transition from the laminar to the turbulent flow regime on a stabilized plasmatron channel section is proposed. The experimental results are in good agreement with the theoretical dependences derived in the study. A curve (analog of the neutral curve) separating the domains of existence of laminar and turbulent plasma flows in a cylindrical channel is constructed in the space of the plasmatron working parameters.Translated from Izvestiya Rossiiskoi Academii Nauk, Mekhanika Zhidkosti i Gaza, No. 5, 2004, pp. 49–61. Original Russian Text Copyright © 2004 by Sinkevich and Chikunov.     

机车曲轴镀铁修复疲劳对比试验研究

通过对镀铁修复后的机车曲轴的疲劳性能进行检测试验，同时给出参照的新曲轴的疲劳性能参数，比较分析原件性能和镀铁修复后的疲劳性能的差异，从而判断在原工作环境下镀铁修复后机车曲轴的工作寿命如何变化，试验中采用42CrMoA棒材及其镀铁修复件进行比较，给出了最大应力—疲劳寿命的S—N曲线，从实验数据可以分析，因长期使用轴径磨损的曲轴镀铁修复后，其疲劳性能将有部分损失，疲劳极限下降9．68%，这意味着在较大的疲劳应力下工作的镀铁修复后曲轴，其疲劳寿命低于原件，因此应进一步研究镀铁修复的曲轴在实际工况下的疲劳极限，并改善镀铁工艺，提高疲劳极限，使镀铁修复技术更好地应用于工程实际。     

金属橡胶材料阻尼测试的一个新方法

金属橡胶材料是一种新型减振缓冲材料。本文提出了一个金属橡胶材料阻尼性能的测试方法。基于粘弹性阻尼耗能的基本原理,在给定应变激励函数的条件下,构造了一个等效应力响应函数,由滞环面积相等建立了一组包含实测应力响应和等效应力响应的等效耗能方程,将应变激励函数离散得到了损耗因子的计算表达式,由此可以通过实测应力方便地计算出损耗因子。该方法不仅便于对大阻尼材料的阻尼进行测试,而且具有精度高的优点。依据这一方法对金属橡胶材料进行了测试,测试结果表明我们开发的金属橡胶材料有很好的阻尼减振性能。     

光纤陀螺捷联系统标定测试软件的设计与开发

基于 windows 平台,采用 VC 6.0 开发了光纤陀螺捷联惯组标定测试软件,着重阐述了该软件的设计思想和关键技术的实现。该软件实现了对光纤陀螺捷联组合误差系数的标定与测试,为光纤陀螺捷联系统标定测试提供了方便,具有很强的工程实用价值。     

Phase Behavior of Methane-Pentane Mixture in Bulk and in Porous Media

The adiabatic calorimetry method is used to measure the isochoric heat capacity and the dew-bubble curves for the methane-normal pentane mixtures in bulk for three different mixture compositions of n-pentane. The near-critical behavior of the mixture heat capacity indicates that at low n-pentane concentrations, this system is close to the special point of the critical locus. The effect of porous medium has been investigated for one of the mixtures studied in bulk. It has been shown that in porous medium the essential shift of the dew-bubble curve takes place. In our opinion this shift is caused by the formation of wetting film on the surface of porous medium. The estimation of film thickness resulting from the data obtained yields the value 7–8 nm.     

中柱失效工况下单层组合框架受力理论分析

基于已有试验，本文提出了轴向弹簧和转动弹簧约束的组合框架简化计算模型，推导了在集中荷载作用下刚性、半刚性连接平面组合梁双跨钢框架移除中柱后的荷载-跨中挠度曲线计算公式，考虑了压拱效应和连接刚度的影响，将公式计算结果与试验结果进行对比证明了推导过程和计算公式的可靠性．在对比结果的基础上，根据已有试验和模拟结果对已有悬索阶段的计算公式进行修正，修正后的公式与试验结果吻合较好．     

PBX颗粒力学性质对其撞击感度影响的初步研究

利用自行研制的应力测试系统研究了在机械撞击作用下粉状塑料粘结炸药(PBX)的表现。结果表明,由不同的聚氨酯(PU)溶液处理黑索今(RDX)得到的混和炸药PU-RDX,在机械撞击作用下给出的应力-时间曲线是多样的。而且PU-RDX的机械撞击感度随出现第二个应力峰的时间比(指不同的PU-RDX第二应力峰出现时间和仪器在空打时相应时间比)的增大,有下降的趋势。该时间比在一定程度上代表了粉状PU-RDX的塑性。研究在机械撞击作用下PBX的应力-时间特性有助于理解钝感炸药的机理、改进有关的工艺。